The Scorpionfly Panorpa vulgaris (Mecoptera: Panorpidae) shown in copula with two male mating tactics visualized.

Sittard, Netherlands, May 2009

The male (left) provides a nuptial gift (dead arthropod mass) to the female before mating, the female (right) is here seen chewing it away while the male is seen producing a salivary mass to provide for her as a follow up.

As a third tactic the male holds on to the female wing with his notal organ (better visualized in the image below):